What term refers to a musical phrase that is often repeated in jazz?

A riff is a concise, catchy musical phrase that is often repeated and serves as a foundational element in various genres, including jazz. Riffs are typically characterized by their rhythmic and melodic qualities, making them memorable and easy to recognize. In jazz, riffs are frequently used for improvisation and can provide a backdrop for solos, allowing musicians to explore their creativity while still maintaining a cohesive sound.

In contrast, a hook usually refers to a catchy musical idea or phrase within a song, designed to attract attention and be memorable—it is often found in popular music but not exclusively in jazz. A theme represents a main melodic idea that can undergo variations and development throughout a piece but isn't limited to the repetitive nature of a riff. A solo, on the other hand, is an extended passage in which a single musician improvises or performs alone, showcasing their virtuosity and creativity, rather than a phrase that is repeatedly used. This differentiation makes "riff" the term most strongly associated with the repetitive nature of musical phrases in jazz.