What is a dominant seventh chord commonly associated with?

A dominant seventh chord is primarily associated with creating tension in music. This chord consists of a major triad along with a minor seventh interval above the root. In tonal music, it plays a crucial role in establishing a sense of movement, particularly leading to a resolution, often into the tonic or home chord. This tension is built due to the interval relationships within the chord, especially the tritone between the third and seventh notes.

When a dominant seventh chord is played, it creates an expectation for resolution, usually to a chord that feels more stable, like the tonic chord. The inherent dissonance of the chord adds to the sense of urgency in the music, prompting listeners to anticipate its resolution. Thus, the dominant seventh chord is often used effectively to build emotional intensity and propel the music forward.